Food allergies, eczema and how to treat them

Food allergies and eczema are two distinct conditions, but they can sometimes be related, especially in children. 

Here's a brief overview of each condition and how they may be treated:

Food Allergies:

Definition: A food allergy is an immune system response to a specific food protein. The body mistakenly identifies the protein as harmful and triggers an allergic reaction, which can range from mild to severe.

Symptoms: Symptoms of a food allergy can include hives, itching, swelling, difficulty breathing, abdominal pain, diarrhoea, and in severe cases, anaphylaxis.

Treatment:

Avoidance: The primary treatment for food allergies is to avoid the specific food(s) that trigger the allergic reaction.

Epinephrine: For severe allergic reactions (anaphylaxis), epinephrine (adrenaline) is administered via an auto-injector (such as an EpiPen) to quickly reverse symptoms.

Antihistamines: These may be used to relieve mild symptoms such as itching and hives.

Consultation with an allergist: An allergist can perform tests to identify specific food allergies and provide guidance on managing them.

Eczema (Atopic Dermatitis):

Definition: Eczema is a chronic skin condition characterised by inflammation, redness, dryness, and itching. It can occur at any age but is most common in infants and young children.

Symptoms: Symptoms of eczema include red or brownish patches of skin, itching (which can be severe), dry, cracked skin that may bleed, and areas of swelling.

Treatment:

Moisturisers: Keeping the skin well-moisturised is essential for managing eczema. Use gentle, fragrance-free moisturisers regularly.

Topical corticosteroids: These are anti-inflammatory medications that can help reduce inflammation and itching when applied to the affected areas.

Topical calcineurin inhibitors: In cases where corticosteroids are not suitable or effective, calcineurin inhibitors like tacrolimus or pimecrolimus may be prescribed.

Antihistamines: Oral antihistamines may help relieve itching, especially at night, which can disrupt sleep.

Identifying triggers: Certain factors can worsen eczema symptoms, such as stress, dry air, harsh soaps or detergents, and certain foods. Identifying and avoiding triggers can help manage flare-ups.

In some cases, there may be a connection between food allergies and eczema, particularly in infants and young children. Some children with eczema may also have food allergies that exacerbate their skin condition. 

Identifying and managing food allergies can sometimes help improve eczema symptoms. If you suspect that food allergies are contributing to eczema flare-ups, consult with a healthcare provider or allergist for appropriate testing and guidance on dietary management.

There is a national charity for people who have allergies Allergy UK: https://www.allergyuk.org.

And also Asthma and Allergy UK is another charitable body: https://asthmaandallergy.org.uk.